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> Why do modern OSes need so much power and RAM anyway?

Because code writers are lazy and prefer to use 20 levels of abstraction or a 5MB library for a simple function.

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Code writers are promoted for features and fired for not working fast enough.
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Windows 11 can run many more different UI toolkits, all jumbled together. It has more graphical effects in there. It has so much telemetry and Microsoft Defender will never-ever give up and will inspect everything, all the time.
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I honestly think this is a difficult and fascinating question. This is like the dark energy of software cosmology. Why is the natural state to get larger and more complex for un-proportionate pleasure of use?
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Largely, I think, because devs are given too powerful computers. It's easier for companies to "fix" or preemptively had off performance bugs by giving developers high-end computers than to spend extra development time truly fixing them.
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Because they’re a bunch of perverts and want to know every button you clicked.
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