On prompting, you can get most of the way there in AI studio on Gemini 2.0 Flash (Image Generation) Experimental by uploading a picture and asking for "a high quality detailed pixel art sprite of this character." Most of the backend annoyance here was iterating to improve prompt adherence (characters not facing the same way, outfits changing between frames, etc).
That being said, the resolution is such that saying messy hair, full beard, and black glasses, would pretty much get it.
I think it’s simply a matter of it assumed a person, found glasses, and a bit of hair above and below and filled in logically.