> Systems like electric grid, internal water management (anti-flood) shouldn't be lean, they should be antifragile.

How do you make those systems antifragile rather than simply highly resilient?

JIT isn’t about reducing safety margin. It was pioneered by Japanese companies, namely Toyota. They are known for risk adverse, safety first.

> This is a solution that teenager put in management position would think of(along with hire more people as solution to inefficient processes), not a paid professional.

What kind of comment is this? Toyota has been using and refining it for decades. It wasn’t invented yesterday by some “teenagers”. Such a state of HN’s comment section.

JIT is definitely not perfect as exposed during the Covid period, but it isn’t without merits and its goal isn’t “reducing safety margin”.

Then we have JIT in computing, such as JVM.

> You aren't optimizing the system

Of course not, they're optimising shareholder profit.