Some payment systems here failed when banks switched to Visa as their debit card issuer. Some systems were hardcoded to interpret the Visa issuer identifier automatically as a credit card.

Also, sometimes getting a new credit card will still have the same number, just a new expiration date and security code.

Also take note that a recognized payments processor using the bank's api does not need to prove anything when they create a new recurrent payment on your account. They can do so at will. The bank relies solely on you noticing and disputing that claim. Services that consult you in becoming such a processor stress this as a 'feature' accompanied by abundant nudges and winks.

Good doc on PANs https://stripe.com/resources/more/primary-account-numbers