Someone could release a malicious package that looks okay to a scanner tool, but when installed using uv can behave differently, allowing attackers to masquerade executable code.

In addition, for OCI images, it is possible to produce an OCI image that can overwrite layers in the tar file, or modify the index. This could be done in a way that is undetectable by the processor of the OCI image. Similar attacks can be done for tools that download libraries, binaries, or source code using the vulnerable parser, making a tar file that when inspected looks fine but when processed by a vulnerable tool, behaves differently.

I hope that answers your question?