Also, do not leave your bootloader unlocked. That is an incomplete GOS install and you will need to lock it to secure your device. Not locking it is both insecure and will make a much higher number of apps fail.
(I don't deny that there are apps that won't work. Best to check before switching full-time.)
Not sure if airports specifically used another mechanism, but the Android contact tracing APIs were actually reimplemented in microG, allowing these apps to work even on custom roms.
Your other examples don't hold universally either (banking apps are compatible with un-rooted custom ROMs more often than not, and not sure how many sports event apps use integrity checks), but your general point stands that it may come with trade-offs.
Thats not coming from some paranoid security person, just regular (software dev) joe.