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how do you commit a file without first adding it?
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`git add -f` will add ignored files. Once you've done that, any files you've added will be part of your commit regardless of the contents of .gitignore.
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Right... and also (I think; unsure bc I only ever use cli) some GUIs (eg github.com web ui) may enable adding files that'd otherwise be ignored.

(shrug)

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