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> 10/10 - would generate tens of thousands of lines of useless code again.

Me too! A couple days ago I gave claude the JMAP spec and asked it to write a JMAP based webmail client in rust from scratch. And it did! It burned a mountain of tokens, and its got more than a few bugs. But now I've got my very own email client, powered by the stalwart email server. The rust code compiles into a 2mb wasm bundle that does everything client side. Its somehow insanely fast. Honestly, its the fastest email client I've ever used by far. Everything feels instant.

I don't need my own email client, but I have one now. So unnecessary, and yet strangely fun.

Its quite a testament to JMAP that you can feed the RFC into claude and get a janky client out. I wonder what semi-useless junk I should get it to make next? I bet it wouldn't do as good a job with IMAP, but maybe if I let it use an IMAP library someone's already made? Might be worth a try!

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Same here. I had Claude write me a web based RSS feed reader in Rust. It has some minor glitches I still need to iron out, but it works great, is fast as can be, and is easy on the eyes.

https://github.com/AdrianVollmer/FluxFeed

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Haha glad to see someone else did something like this. A couple weeks ago I asked Claude to recommend a service that would allow me to easily view a local .xml file as an RSS feed. It instead built a .html RSS viewer.
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Re "is fast as can be": in my experience generating C/Zig code via Codex, agent generated code is usually several multiples slower than hand optimized code.
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Look, it's an RSS reader, not a numeric solver for PDEs. What I clearly meant was: Every interaction is instant, no noticable delay at all, except the reader view, which makes a network request to an external site.
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Yeah, I’m sure my Claude generated email client could be even faster if I wrote it by hand. Modern computers can retire billions of instructions per second per core. All operations that aren’t downloading or processing gigabytes of data should be instant on modern computers.

Claude’s toy email client gets closer to the speed limit than Gmail does. Why is Gmail so slow? I have no idea.

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Given parent and GP are both using Claude... have you tried Claude? (I say this as someone who has not tried Claude recently. I did try Claude Code when it first came out, though.)
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First, it is important for these discussions that people include details like I did. We're all better off to not generalize.

RE: Claude Code, no I haven't used it, but I did do the Anthropic interview problem, beating all of Anthropic's reported Claude scores even with custom harnesses etc.

It's not a dunk that agents can't produce "as fast as can be" code; their code is usually still reasonably fast; it's just often 2-10x slower than can be.

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There is a lot to be done with good prompting.

Early on, these code agents wouldn't do basic good hygiene things, like check if the code compiled, avoid hallucinating weird modules, writing unit tests. And people would say they sucked ....

But if you just asked them to do those things: "After you write a file lint it and fix issues. After you finish this feature, write unit tests and fix all issues, etc ..."

Well, then they did that, it was great! Later the default prompts of these systems included enough verbiage to do that, you could get lazy again. Plus the models are are being optimized to know to do some of these things, and also avoid some bad code patterns from the start.

But the same applies to performance today. If you ask it to optimize for performance, to use a profiler, to analyze the algorithms and systemically try various optimization approaches ... it will do so, often to very good results.

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Yep. Claude code is best thought of as an overachieving junior / mid. It can run off and do all sorts of work on its own, but it doesn't have great instincts and it can't read your mind about what you want.

Use it as if you're the tech lead managing a fresh hire. Tell it clearly what you want it to focus on and you get a much better result.

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Rust is the final language.

Defect free. Immaculate types. Safe. Ergonomic. Beautiful to read.

AI is going to be writing a lot of Rust.

The final arguments of "rust is hard to write" are going to quiet down. This makes it even more accessible.

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> Rust is the final language.

> Defect free.

I am an upstream developer on the Rust Project (lang, library, cargo, others), and obviously a big fan of Rust. This kind of advocacy doesn't help us, and in fact makes our jobs harder, because for some people this kind of advocacy is their main experience of people they assume are representative of Rust. Please take it down a notch.

I think Rust is the best available language for many kinds of problems. Not yet all, but we're always improving it to try to work for more people. It gets better over time. I'd certainly never call it, or almost any other software, "defect free".

And I'd never call it "the final language"; we're building it to last the test of time, and we hope things like the edition system mean that the successor to Rust is a future version of Rust, but things can always change, and we're not the only source of great ideas.

If you genuinely care about Rust, please adjust your advocacy of Rust to avoid hurting Rust and generating negative perceptions of Rust.

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I’d also add: as a lover of forward progress, I really hope rust isn’t the last good idea programming language designers have. I love rust. But there are dozens of things I find a bit frustrating. Unfortunately I don’t think I’m clever & motivated enough to write a whole new language to try to improve it. But I really hope someone else is!

For a taste: I wish we didn’t need lifetime annotations, somehow. I wish rust had first class support for self borrows, possibly via explicit syntax indicating that a variable is borrowed, and thus pinned. Unpin breaks my brain, and I wish there were ways to do pin projections without getting a PhD first. I wish for async streams. I wish async executors were in std, and didn’t take so long to compile. I could go on and on.

I feel like there’s an even simpler & more beautiful language hiding inside rust. I can’t quite see it. But I really hope someone else can bring it into the world some day.

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> For a taste: I wish we didn’t need lifetime annotations, somehow. I wish rust had first class support for self borrows, possibly via explicit syntax indicating that a variable is borrowed, and thus pinned. Unpin breaks my brain, and I wish there were ways to do pin projections without getting a PhD first. I wish for async streams. I wish async executors were in std, and didn’t take so long to compile. I could go on and on.

I would like all of that as well. I think we can do much of that in Rust. I would love to see self-borrows available, and not just via pinning; I would also like relative pointers. I would like people to almost never have to think about pin or unpin; one of my rules of thumb is that if you see Pin or Poll, you've delved too deep, and nobody should need those to write almost any async code, including the interiors of trait implementations and async runtime implementations. And I would absolutely like to see async iterators, async executors, and many kinds of async traits in the standard library.

I also think there are plenty of things we are unlikely to get to even in an edition, and that might never happen without a completely different language. I'm not sure if we'll find a path to doing those in Rust, or if they will be the domain of some future language that makes different trade-offs.

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As a member of t-compiler, seconded.
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Thank you, thank you, thank you.
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> Beautiful to read.

Oh my, there's a new language called Rust? Didn't they know there already is one? The old one is so popular that I can't imagine the nicely readable one to gain any traction whatsoever (even if the old one is an assault on the senses).

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> Rust is the final language.

I honestly can't tell if this is a humorous attack or not.

Poe's law is validated once again.

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It's honest. If we can serialize our ideas to any language for durability, Rust is the way to go.

It's not the best tool for the job for a lot of things, but if the LLMs make writing it as fast as anything else - whelp, I can't see any reason not to do it in Rust.

If you get any language outputs "for free", Rust is the way to go.

I've been using Claude to go ridiculously fast in Rust recently. In the pre-LLM years I wrote a lot of Rust, but it definitely was a slow to author language. Claude helps me produce it as fast as I can think. I spend most of my time reviewing the code and making small fixes and refactors. It's great.

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While Rust is excellent, you must acknowledge that Rust has issues with compilation time. It also has a steep learning curve (especially around lifetimes.) It's much too early to say Rust is the "final" language, especially since AI is driving a huge shift in thinking right now.

I used to think that I would never write C code again, but when I decided recently to build something that would run on ESP32 chips, I realized there wasn't any good reason for me to use Rust yet. ESP-IDF is built on C and I can write C code just fine. C compiles quickly, it's a very simple language on the surface, and as long as you minimize the use of dynamic memory allocation and other pitfalls, it's reliable.

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If you're programming for ESP, then embassy is the way to go in most cases. You don't need to learn much about lifetimes in most of the application code. Steep learning curve people refer it is "thing blow up at compile time vs runtime." It's easy to write JS or C that passes all tests and compiles and then wonderful blows up when you start using it. It just forces you to learn things you need to know at IMO right now.

My biggest problem with rust right now is enormous target/ dirs.

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> My biggest problem with rust right now is enormous target/ dirs.

We're working on that and it should get better soonish. We're working on shared caches, as well as pruning of old cached builds of dependencies that are unlikely to be reused in a future build.

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thanks beejesus! (aka the devs) I'm tired of forcing shit into workspaces just to slightly mitigate these issues
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I'll just stick with C as my lingua franca, and won't be involving Microsoft in my programming life, thanks.
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are you implying that using Rust involves using MS products?
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Anthropic? ChatGPT is the one affiliated with Microsoft.
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Not Microsoft.
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You’re thinking of OpenAI and ChatGPT, which has a (now-rocky) partnership with Microsoft.

Claude is an Anthropic offering.

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> It's honest.

It's not, nor is it well informed. People are currently developing languages specifically for use by LLMs.

> It's not the best tool for the job for a lot of things

Then how could it possibly be the final language?

> if the LLMs make writing it as fast as anything else - whelp, I can't see any reason not to do it in Rust

This has nothing to do with the claim that it's the final language.

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Sometimes I forget programming languages aren't a religion, and then I see someone post stuff like this. Programming languages really do inspire some of us to feel differently.
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I would say it's overall the best existing language, probably due to learning from past mistakes. On the whole it wins via the pro/con sum. But ... Still loads of room for improvement! Far from a perfect lang; just edges out the existing alternatives by a bit.
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I'd say that it's taking much needed steps to achieve perfection but many more steps are there ahead. The next language closer to perfection would definitely have a much gentler introduction curve, among other things.
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Which coding assistant do you think needs a gentle introduction curve?
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Needs monads (not joking)
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Why not go full functional programming at that point? If the main issue with FP has been accessibility, then it should really take off now.
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When you do fully value-oriented programming in Rust (i.e. no interior mutability involved) that's essentially functional programming. There's mutable, ephemeral data involved, but it's always confined to a single well-defined context and never escapes from it. You can even have most of your code base be sans-IO, which is the exact same pattern you'd use in Haskell.
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I actually like rust more than Haskell, but `You can even have most of your code base be sans-IO, which is the exact same pattern you'd use in Haskell.` glosses over the fact that in Haskell it's enforced at compile time.
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Another argument as to why rust isn't the forever-language. My forever language should include effects!

Even rust has need of this. For example, I want a nopanic effect I can put on a function which makes it a compile error for anything that function calls to panic.

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I wouldn’t because idiomatic Haskell is way slower than idiomatic Rust.
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Isn’t Rust a pretty good functional language? It has most of the features that enable safe, correct code without being anal about immutability and laziness that make performance difficult to predict.
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Rust may be the darling of the moment, but Erlang is oft slept on.

As AI makes human-readable syntax less relevant, the Erlang/Elixir BEAM virtual machine is an ideal compilation target because its "let it crash" isolated process model provides system-level fault tolerance against AI logic errors, arguably more valuable than Rust’s strict memory safety.

The native Actor Model simplifies massive concurrency by eliminating shared state and the complex thread management. BEAM's hot code swapping capability also enables a continuous deployment where an AI can dynamically rewrite and inject optimized functions directly into live applications with zero downtime.

Imagine a future where an LLM is constantly monitoring server performance, profiling execution times, and dynamically rewriting sub-optimal functions in real-time. With Rust, every optimization requires a recompile and a deployment cycle that interrupts the system.

Finally, Erlang's functional immutability makes deterministic AI reasoning easier, while its built-in clustering replaces complex external infrastructure, making it a resilient platform suited for automated iteration.

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Interesting! I am getting tired of looking at Roundcube and having weird issues and was thinking of doing the same. Were you planning on making the result public?
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Did you use dioxus? I had claude write up a test web app with it, but when attempting to use a javascript component it built it couldn't get past memory access out of bound errors.
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I used leptos. Before I started I made a text file containing the entire leptos manual, and told claude to read it. I don't know if that helped, but claude seems to use it just fine.
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Please post this. I'd love to play with it and, especially, see how fast it is.
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Seconding this comment, as someone who loves JMAP.
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Code is here: https://github.com/josephg/claude-mail

The JMAP client itself is hosted here: https://seph.au/claude-webmail/

I can't prove this but its a purely static web app. You need a jmap server to use it. If you use stalwart, set:

    server.listener.http.permissive-cors = true
or

    server.listener.https.permissive-cors = true
Then you should be able to put https://localhost:8080/ into the URL box. It should also work with fastmail, but I haven't tested it.
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Just curious, does it look anything like this library?

https://docs.rs/jmap-client/latest/jmap_client/

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Also curious why would one be proud of having an LLM rewrite something that there is already a library for. I personally feel that proud LLM users boasting sounds as if they are on amphetamines.
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It made a webmail client. Not a jmap library.
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Not sure I understand, wouldn’t a webmail client in rust need client code like this or to use a library like this?
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Yeah but it’s like saying, “why are you impressed with Claude making a car when there are plans for an engine online?”. Even if Claude used that code (it didn't), it made the whole car. Not just an engine. There’s a lot more stuff going on than simply calling a backend mail server over jmap.

And fyi, jmap is just a protocol for doing email over json & http. It’s not that hard to roll your own. Especially in a web browser.

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Your initial claim talked about jmap and this looks to me like a full implementation of the RFC in rust. That is the hard part of an email client IMO so I’m not sure I’d agree with your analogy, but you’re saying it made a web app which called a library like this?

Would be interesting to see it, did you publish it yet?

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> looks to me like a full implementation of the RFC in rust

Only the client parts. And only the client parts its actually using. JMAP clients can be much simpler than servers. A JMAP server needs the whole protocol. JMAP clients only need to implement the parts they use. Servers also need to parse email message envelopes - which is way more difficult to do correctly than people think. JMAP clients can just use pre-parsed messages from the server.

Anyway, the code is here if you wanna take a look:

https://github.com/josephg/claude-mail

Claude put its JMAP API wrapper code in a child crate (confusingly also called jmap-client).

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Can you release it as open source code?
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Sure; I’ll throw it online in a few hours when I’m at my computer.
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> It burned through a mountain of tokens, but 10/10 - would generate tens of thousands of lines of useless code again.

This is the biggest bottleneck at this point. I'm looking forward to RAM production increasing, and getting to a point where every high-end PC (workstation & gaming) has a dedicated NPU next to the GPU. You'll be able to do this kind of stuff as much as you want, using any local model you want. Run a ralph loop continuously for 72 hours? No problem.

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Wasting electricity to "generate tens of thousands of lines of useless code" at will? Why is that in any way a desirable future?
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The climate change alarms have been sounding for decades and yet vehicles keep getting bigger. Even in formerly "doing it right" countries like Japan. Turns out humans will always choose vanity and status symbols over facts. Oh well
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One person's waste is another's value. Do you have any idea how "wasteful" tik tok or any other streaming platform is? I'll grant that AI is driving unprecedented data center development but it's far from the root cause, or even a leading clause, of our climate issues. I always find it strange that this is the first response so many have to AI, when it poses other more imminent existential threats IMO.
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It was a reply to what the GP said about running local generation 24/7 for no good reason, just because it's possible (and electricity is too cheap, apparently). There are many more threats, but those are beside the point in this specific context.
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A lot of code is "useless" only in the sense that no one wants to buy it and it will never find its way into an end user product. On the other hand, that same code might have enormous value for education, research, planning, exploration, simulation, testing, and so on. Being able to generate reams of "useless" code is a highly desirable future.
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Obviously "useful" doesn't just involve making money. Code that will be used for education and all of these things is clearly not useless.

But let's be honest to ourselves, the sort of useless code the GP meant will never ever be used for any of that. The code will never leave their personal storage. In that sense it's about as valuable for the society at large as the combined exabytes of GenAI smut that people have been filling their drives with by running their 4090s 24/7.

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Optimists will imagine it to one day be as taxing and thus as wasteful as firing up MS Paint.

No that’s a stretch, but firing up a AAA game.

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At least you (hopefully) get hours of entertainment from firing up an AAA game. Whereas generating vast amounts of code that you're never going to use has… some novelty value, I suppose. Luckily the novelty is going to wear off soon, I can't really see many people getting their daily happiness boost from making code machine say brrrrt straight to /dev/null. Even generating smut is a vastly more understandable (and vastly more commonplace, even now) use case for running genAI every day for hours.
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> I can't really see many people getting their daily happiness boost from making code machine say brrrrt straight to /dev/null

How long time do we have to wait before these people get bored? Or might they actually find what they generate useful and it doesn't all go straight to /dev/null, since seemingly it seems to gain usage, not drop in usage?

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I bet RAM production will only increase to meet AI demand and there will be none left for you. Or me. Or anyone. Crucial is already going probably forever and I'm sure more will follow...
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> a relic from the days when everyone thought Drupal was the future (long time ago).

Drupal is the future. I never really used it properly, but if you fully buy into Drupal, it can do most everything without programming, and you can write plugins (extensions? whatever they're called...) to do the few things that do need programming.

> The Epilogue: That site has since been ported to WordPress, then ProcessWire, then rebuilt as a Node.js app. Word on the street is that some poor souls are currently trying to port it to Next.js.

This is the problem! Fickle halfwits mindlessly buying into whatever "next big thing" is currently fashionable. They shoulda just learned Drupal...

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I'm not sure if you're serious or not, but while I never liked Drupal (even used to hate it once upon a time), I always liked the pragmatism surrounding it, reaching to the point of saving php code into the mysql database and executing from there.
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> reaching to the point of saving php code into the mysql database and executing from there.

Wordpress loves to shove php objects into the database (been a good long while since I used it, don't remember the mechanism, it'd be the equivalent of `pickle` in python, only readable by php).

Not sure if they've improved it since I last dealt with it about 15 years ago, but at the time there was no way to have a full separated staging and production environment, lots of the data stored in the database that way had hardcoded domain names built into it. We needed to have a staging and production kind of set-up, so we ended up having to write a PHP script that would dump the staging database, fix every reference, and push it to production. Fun times.

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There's implode() and explode() as well as serialize() and unseralize()

No idea what's used in wordpress, but back in D6 and before, it was common to see it when it would store multiple values for an instance.

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There are plenty of SMEs trapped into that future. :)
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> It burned through a mountain of tokens, but 10/10 - would generate tens of thousands of lines of useless code again.

Pardon me, and, yes, I know we're on HN, but I guess you're... rich? I imagine a single run like this probably burns through tens or hundreds of dollars. For a joke, basically.

I guess I understand why some people really like AI :-)

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It was below 100$, but only after burning through the 20x max session limit.
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The subsidized Codex/Claude subscriptions make it not so bad.
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