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Android doesn't ask your age, Google does for an account. You can use an android phone without a google account. Most people don't but the distinction is important because degoogled android phones will also have to comply.
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No, unless the law mandates it.

So for example operating system that does not ask this question could simply declare itself "inappropriate"/"illegal" in the jurisdiction.

Say, GrapheneOS can explicitly disallow image downloads from Californian IPs and not sell phones with preinstalled GOS there.

You don't need to be complaint with the Mongolian law to sell in Burkina Faso.

Similarly they don't need to be complaint with Ohio law if they do not operate and have presence there.

American companies that decide to surveil users ont heir websites with pervasive tracking without consent would only contravene the European GDPR if they allowed EU users to use them. Block the EU (famous http/451), and they're in the clear.

IMO, but IANAL.

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What about OSes that power shared devices you use in public, like airline ticket kiosks and bank ATMs?
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I'm fine with default settings:

> for all users that the operator has actual knowledge to be a minor, the operator shall use specified default settings for the minor.

I just think it should be opt-in. Applications should presume <13 unless the user opts in.

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I'm fine with that too as a consumer.

As an "operating system provider," the law as written still requires me to provide an accessible interface for you to indicate your age to the operator.

Should we be asking your age every single time you use a credit card reader or ATM? If not, embedded operating system providers need exceptions to the law in each state that adopts their own non-standardized approach.

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