Limited range? Shaheds have over 2000 kilometers more than tomahawks.

And btw, if you can get a submarince close to your target, torpedoes and missiles are going to be much more effective than drones.

Space is limited on platforms, a submarine might have space for 60 drones or 30 missiles, given the immense cost of the submarine, going with the missiles is the right call.

The trucks launching shaheds that iran is using can fit like 5 such drones, a similar truck could probably fit 2 to 4 cruise missiles the only reason they are using drones is the rapid production and cost associated with drones instead of the cruise missiles.

Look at SSGNs. Not drone carriers, but TLAM is pretty close to drone warfare from the US's point of view.