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> Shortwave radios are also cheap and widespread, so it's easy to get one anywhere in the world

I always hear this in discussions about number stations, but I don't think this is true in the US. In fact, I don't think I've ever seen a general consumer "shortwave radio". Unless the regular AM band counts, which seems to be medium wave.

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The term for shortwave radios targeting the general consumer market is "world band radio". They look like a standard portable AM/FM radio except they'll also pick up long wave, medium wave, short wave, and maybe weather band. They're more of a niche in the US now that internet streaming is a thing, but you should still be able to get one at most electronics stores. Of course like most niche products, you'll get much better selection and pricing online.
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I used to have little battery powered AM/FM/Shortwave/weather radio lost it a couple house moveings ago. Kept it around for the emergacy weather radio during flood events and other extreme weather when internet/power isnt reliable. Should probably pick up a replacement come to think of it.
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I'm in the US. At least half of the people I know own shortwave radios, although most don't think of them as "shortwave radios". They're more often called "world radios" or some other such synonym. I could run out to a consumer electronics store right now and buy one.

The younger people I know tend to own such a radio in the form of the Baofeng UV-5R or the like.

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A Baofeng UV-5R cannot receive shortwave, it's in the VHF/UHF range for receive/transmit and can receive commercial FM broadcast.
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Ah, true. My mistake.
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def a niche consumer item these days. but pretty easy to make your own.
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Satellite unicast receivers also can't be located. Iridium pagers were (maybe still are?) a thing, for example.

However, carrying one of these is probably highly suspicious compared to a world band radio receiver.

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> Like the article says, satellite messages can be traced while radio is broadcast to everyone

I don't buy it.

Satellite downlinks are broadcast to everyone under a potentially massive footprint. Take a look at the footprint for QO-100 which you could use with very inexpensive equipment that looks pretty much like a normal satellite TV dish.

https://jeremyclark.ca/wp/telecom/sdr-for-qo-100-satellite-r...

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