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Some countries don’t see sex as a criteria for conscription: good job Norway, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscription_and_sexism

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There's a very cold-blooded but good reason why a nation rationally should use men as cannon fodder before women: they are more expendable in terms of reproduction. You need fewer men relative to women. Also, societies with more men than women tend to be unstable and high-crime and whatnot. Societies with more women than men survive a bit better.
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> Also, societies with more men than women tend to be unstable and high-crime and whatnot. Societies with more women than men survive a bit better.

Demonstrably false: China and Russia

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It is not necessary, because the state has a legitimate right to taxation. Every non-military person in the country can be taxed down to the poverty level to pay volunteer troops. This is morally superior to enslaving people.
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