Choosing a good abstract dichotomy is hard (mine is also faulty, as you have noted).
They chose "instruction" versus "calibration" which I feel is a terrible splitting plane (muddying whatever they are trying to articulate).
I have been fascinated listening to a smart nursing friend of mine explain some of the intuitions they learnt through observation (not explicitly taught). I believe they had an outlier skill for noticing patterns. They might have been able to teach the patterns they saw, but they probably couldn't teach the skill of discovering patterns ≈intelligence.
Intuition and other forms of knowledge are stock quantities while calibration and instructions are types of flows which change the stock. I'd love to know if there a better word for learning through trial and evaluation than calibration.
How about training. Implies practicality. You can be trained or do your own training. Avoids the bad academic/factual associations of "teaching".
Calibration makes some sense to people that work with tools, but the word is a poor metaphor for honing our intuitions.
It is quite amazing how little of what we do or know is actually explicitly taught. I learnt the most in the sandpit.