For how long until paying the fine requires a smartphone? And then for how long until you go to jail for not having a smartphone ?

They can think of other payment flows, they don't want them because an app gets them data they can resell or abuse.

I was (pleasantly?) surprised when my office parking lot implemented paid parking because it's doable via SMS and webpage (not an installed app). [thankfully my employer is picking up the tab, so I didn't have to do anything beyond providing my license plate numbers]