My understanding is that it’s the same even on iOS (or at least on my iPhone SE 2020). More specifically, the output only measures till 50hz (but the sensor sampling rate is actually 100hz - Nquist, you need double the measured frequency as sampling frequency, yada yada.)
The sensors have analog lowpass filters that can be adjusted in order to avoid aliasing.
In general, with more bandwidth you can do more intrusive things. But if you want to tell wether two people ride in the same car, 50 Hz should be sufficient anyways.
Phyphox has a smartphone sensor database:
Edit: no, it can't have. Then the phone sensor database would show that since it is built from submissions within Phyphox: https://phyphox.org/sensordb/
I'm not sure what problem you're running into (perhaps a very unusual phone that has only a 50 Hz accelerometer) but Android/Phyphox can do way more than 50 Hz