Americans tend to forget how far north Europe is compared to the US.
The Nordic power market is a mess, and it's not because solar doesn't work in winter but because the grid needs massive investments on all levels and nobody wants to be left holding the bill for it.
Electrification? Sure, I'll buy an EV when the _local_ grid operator makes sure my lights don't flicker when the neighbor uses an angle grinder. The last update was that they plan to replace the old transformer station from the 60's "when it breaks".
Local generation? Can't get rid of the excess generation if I wanted to.
Is Denmark's power grid expansion still geared at selling Swedish electricity to the Germans?
Sweden? No internal transfer capacity so their consumers have constant high prices while power is exported cheaply.
Norway? Geo-blocked by Sweden.
Data from 2025.
Nuclear 32 TWh, Wind 22 TWh, Hydro 12 TWh, Solar 1 TWh.
Obviously solar will be decreasingly useful as you get further to the pole, but the Nordics aren't worse off than Alaska or Canada in that regard, and both do solar to some extent AFAIK.
You get the following output on average each year
Denmark 1000 kWh/kWp
South Germany 1200 kWh/kWp
South Spain 1700 kWh/kWp
Egypt up to 2000 kWh/kWp
Nordics are much further north than Canada, most Canadians live further south than Paris and Paris is a lot further south than even Denmark that is much further south than Finland.
But in winter, you'll have something like 2-5% load factor on your solar panels…