Forget tracking workers' movements and stuff like that because that's even more complicated (the data is tied to a person, but only in their capacity as an employee and not as a private individual).
Focus on a case like a cluster of sensors attached to various equipment powered by electric motors, or using RFID to detect when a pallet enters the warehouse. Let's say that all goes to a cloud platform and I store it, I build a bunch of derived analytics stuff from it, and I send it up to Anthropic (with no-train-on-me-pls contract clause) for my cool new AI insights engine.
Does GDPR apply at all to that? I would have assumed it doesn't have any relevance whatsoever, but you're implying that it does. Or are you specifically talking about the case when individual employees are the data collection subjects, like a fleet management platform with a telematics component?
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Taking into account the state of the art, the cost of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for rights and freedoms of natural persons posed by the processing, the controller shall, both at the time of the determination of the means for processing and at the time of the processing itself, implement appropriate technical and organisational measures, such as pseudonymisation, which are designed to implement data-protection principles, such as data minimisation, in an effective manner and to integrate the necessary safeguards into the processing in order to meet the requirements of this Regulation and protect the rights of data subjects.
The controller shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures for ensuring that, by default, only personal data which are necessary for each specific purpose of the processing are processed. That obligation applies to the amount of personal data collected, the extent of their processing, the period of their storage and their accessibility. 3In particular, such measures shall ensure that by default personal data are not made accessible without the individual’s intervention to an indefinite number of natural persons.
An approved certification mechanism pursuant to Article 42 may be used as an element to demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article.
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IANAL, but this basically covers all your bases, together with https://gdpr-info.eu/art-32-gdpr/
Unless, of course, your industrial-scale data collection actually collects significantly more data than you let on, and extraction of personal data is not as hard as you make it sound