And the firmware for Bluetooth/Wifi is loaded in by having the initramfs read it from the NOR flash, mount it in /lib/firmware, then it is business as usual like a desktop Linux distribution.
It's not something special. It's just a hackjob. They shuffle the files around and made it much harder to update.
https://source.puri.sm/Librem5/librem5-fw-jail/-/blob/pureos...
https://puri.sm/posts/shipping-new-sparklan-wifi-cards-with-...
Read the code posted above.