Multiple ways. One interesting one is huge sand batteries that are being heated up to massive temps, then having pipes run through there to collect the heat energy as hot water and doing the industrial processes that way.

Another way is using excess green energy to produce green hydrogen, which can be used as a fuel source in very high energy scenarios.

Past that, we recently have made electric arc furnaces and electric smelting furnaces for steel and aluminum, and several of these are fully solar powered.

It’s a shift to change the energy source for industrial production, but we have the technology and the ability. And the sun is free!

Believe it or not, a large solar field (or several!) can readily densify its energy into a nice small power transmission line.

You turn the machines on when electricity is cheap, and turn em off when it's not?

Folks operating businesses that depend on oil prices would know these tricks?

Surely households using more wind and solar frees up capacity for 'dense energy' though?

when energy is abundant, you use it to hoist a large rock very high up above your head

when energy is scarce, you drop the rock on your head

pretty well? and it can only get better if we continue rolling out renewables?