Israel desalinates 75-85% of its drinking water. The problem is political and economic dysfunction.
California for example could be doing widespread desalination with nuclear power and technology from the 1970s. They could also greatly expand reservoirs and waterways, but don’t do it. Very similar to Rome in the 400s, when people were using aqueducts built by a past civilization but lost the ability to construct them.
Solar on the other hand is very cheap, and you don't need to desalinate 24/7 -- just do it when power is cheapest (which is during the sunny times if you have large amounts of solar, during windy if you have large amounts of wind, etc)
The good news in a desert: plenty of sunshine. So you can generate a lot of electricity with some cheap solar panels, there is plenty of space to put some down, and there aren't a lot of NIMBYs around to complicate the permitting process for that.
Some desert ecosystems actually depend on condensation with specialized plants and animals harvesting humidity from ocean breeze. Large parts of e.g. the Sahara border on the Atlantic ocean. Lots of water in the air but not a lot of rain. And even if humidity is low, there still is some water in the air usually.
But the simple fact of course is that there is a lot more water in water than there is in air. If you want to extract meaningful amounts of water from air, you need to process a lot of it.
And who's going to know if you are drinking it or watering your garden?
My well is 100' and 13 years old.
It also requires more infrastructure to get yield. In theory all you'd need to have is these etched metal plates, a transparent dome and a source of briny water. (and a cleaning mechanism)
The etched plates creates 100% humidity (probably more as it'll condense out)
The reason it doesn't actually work is that it is extremely inefficient. Getting water to condense requires you to somehow reject massive quantities of heat. That's fundamental to physics.
Also, literally anywhere a dehumidifier is reasonably effective, is humid and usually doesn't have such dire water problems. Deserts have extremely low humidity and dehumidifiers working in a desert will produce very little water.
Even a good humidifier in a humid environment is burning KW to generate on the order of ten liters of water a day.
There are a couple places on earth that are essentially deserts but have an early morning humid fog roll through regularly, and those places figured out capturing that water in the air long long before we invented the refrigeration cycle.
It is literally cheaper to desalinate.
Maybe you could build giant greenhouses to fill with sea water and let the sun evaporate the water and collect that with a dehumidifier? Still absurdly inefficient. Water has such an obscene specific capacity for heat that any thermal avenue of separating it from something else will use immense energy.