The trick is that the scratches need to recur at the right revolution rate, while the bandwidth needs to slowly decrease as the stylus nears the end of the groove. Hmm.

I used to play with the free iZotope Vinyl VST, it does a decent job at emulating pop/hiss, wow/flutter, and frequency response.

For ham radio-like sounds, maybe use SDR software like SDR++ and just pipe in a regular audio input, then mess with the decoding settings like LSB/USB.