About the second paragraph, first of all, thank you for the suggestions. Can I ask you to elaborate a little on the reasons for your proposals? For instance, even if redundant in some cases, I thought to myself it couldn’t be a bad thing to check for null pointers (though I could improve the error handling itself).
For a similar reason, it makes sense to use signed integers. A signed overflow sanitizer will find the overflow bugs or safely terminate the program. Finding unsigned wraparound bugs is much harder.
All identifiers that begin with an underscore are reserved for use as identifiers with file scope in both the ordinary and tag name spaces.
Single underscore followed by non-uppercase is allowed, but not in file scope. This means that you can use them in structs and as local variables, but never as globals.