You have this backwards IMO. In logical terms (not vernacular usage), "Do or you can't" being true means that if you CAN (play), then you do/did the chores. It definitely does not preclude other don'ts leading to you can'ts.
It only makes "do" a necessary (not sufficient) condition for "can".
Another way to see it : "Do or you can't" is a form of "A or B", so "you can" means B is false, so A must be true.