The buttons in an elevator panel typically work this way. They each light up to confirm a pending request to reach a floor. They each turn off when its floor has been reached. And while a button is lit up, pressing it does nothing.
It would help if GUI elements had a property “automatically disable on click”, removing the need for the “on click handler” to disable the button (in exchange for adding the need to explicitly re-enable it).
I don’t remember seeing GUI libraries that do that, though.
That probably is because it would confuse users if buttons visually get disabled when they click them.
So, the best answer is to visually keep the button enabled, but ignore rapid further clicks. That’s debouncing.
The visual representation updating (greying out button) is a result of disabling the button, not the same thing. In virtually every GUI toolkit I've ever used there is the concept of the main UI thread, and everything that happens (input and display updates) necessarily has to go through that single thread in order to ensure correctness. (This applies to browsers, too.) That's why input goes into a queue, so you can easily do things like:
(All on the main UI thread):
- Receive click event 1: disable button, start background process. Possibly redraw button UI *but it doesn't matter because the UI display is not the state, it's just a view*.
- Receive click event 2: nothing happens, button is disabled
- Background process finishes, posts update to re-enable the button
- Receive click event 3: disable button, start background process, etc.