Permitting and regulation is generally a sub-component to each of the three things mentioned, and can be a major factor in schedule adherence for large scale construction projects. Whether that is the primary impediment or not is often a factor of the specifics of the project (and its design) and the overall environment. During major events (e.g. COVID), materials access and availability was a far more challenging aspect of schedule adherence for most large projects than any other factor.

I've never worked in this field as the GP, but I have family that do and I've heard plenty of stories and made my own observations, but definitely take my two cents with plenty of salt. Maybe GP will reply also.