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"Why would other countries, that don't share the same anxiety about China as the US, would be troubled with the this?"

It's the other way around.

There is a high likelihood that many countries of the "west" (the "global north"?) will outlaw, restrict, or otherwise control LLMs and the tools that enable them.

The US, however, is blessed with the first amendment which makes it extremely difficult to restrain speech in any form - including code.

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The US might pressure them?
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US pressure is worth a lot less than it used to be; that's why other developed countries are urgently prioritizing digital sovereignty after years of technological sclerosis where they were happy to run on US-managed cloud infrastructure.

It's not just the tariffs and imperialist/autocratic aspirations of the current President; it's also the fecklessness of the federal legislature and the revelation via social media that a large cohort of the public hold a negative-sum worldview and enthusiastically endorse bad faith dealing.

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EU countries are homeshoring their digital stacks as fast as they possibly can, and the reason is precisely because of the pressure that the US government is exerting via its (temporary) dominance in technology.
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Those days are gone. Look no further than the occupant in the White House. IE the Swedish jet industry is about to get bigger, future drone expertise, if the Ukraine can hold on if you want to learn the ins and outs, you don’t need the United States. If you’re serious about learning and building drones.

It’s going to be a different world, a world where many former allies are not gonna look to the United States first they can no longer afford to.

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Not sure if you noticed, European countries are distancing themselves from the US. They couldn't be pressured to offer logistic support to the US shitshow in Iran, why would they be pressured to help the US in its protectionism of its AI bubble?
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Well, many EU countries like Italy and Germany officially freaked out about DeepSeek, ordering it to be banned from app stores etc.
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That's about the mobile apps specifically, and it is related to personal data of EU citizens being transferred to servers in China.

It has nothing to do with running open models, especially in hardware within Europe.

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