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I think parenthesis are ideal for a parenthetical aside.
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I sometimes prefer parenthesis for very short asides—say, three words or fewer.

I find m-dashes easier to read for most other purposes. They’re nicer in longer asides because they’re a little more visually prominent, while also (for some reason) not breaking my mental flow quite so much. They’re far nicer looking when an aside comes at the end of a sentence, as you don’t need to close an m-dash. That always looks like crap with parenthesis, as if the author should have thought of a way to avoid doing that, while with the m-dash there’s no problem at all.

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Em dashes don't nest (but that's probably a good thing).
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That is a weakness of sorts, but yes, unless one is attempting a particular, niche affect, an urge to nest parenthesis is usually a cue to re-write the sentence instead.
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I think it's generally accepted that parentheses are more parenthetical than emdashes.
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