This is oversimplified. The proposed question is whether a model with fewer parameters could achieve performance on one language similar to that of a larger model that’s been trained more broadly, which isn’t straightforward to do.
Oh, I didn’t interpret the above question as asking in that direction; but yeah, that’s of course something I didn’t attempt to answer with my comment.
Although I’d be intrigued in the answer to that small-narrow vs. large-broad model question, too!
The exception being the token embeddings and lm head (which scale with the number of tokens the model knows and presumably you need a smaller number in the tokenizer for only English and python). But those are a pretty small % of the total model weights on most LLM sizes