Meanwhile, in realPolitik, they are Australian, they are subject to AU government pressure, and the AU government is deeply intertwined with and compliant to US government wishes, AUKUS, Pine Gap, Harold Holt Sub communications, Over the horizon radar on China, etc.

See: https://roncobb.net/img/cartoons/aus/k5092-on-Tucker_Box-cuu...

The question isn’t whether a service has a presence in the sense of employees or regional office, or headquarters.

The question is: do they office services to residents of said country / state.

If so they may well be subject to certain laws that, if broken, could result in penalties up to an including extradition of the responsible officers.