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It is not. The foundation of math is contested -- but afaik it is widely held that HoTT is the, erm, hottest contender to the throne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homotopy_type_theory
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There is not a single foundation - you can choose. The differences are rarely important for working mathematicians though. Most know enough of ZFC to get by and ignore foundations tbh
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Most foundations are in a sense equivalent. In that sense, "ZFC" is as good a choice as any. I think there might be some confusion around the different meanings of the word "foundation": A foundation is a formal system that suffices, somehow, to encode virtually all of known mathematics. The reason why people (including me!) are interested in other "foundations" like HoTT is because they try to build the same mathematics as ZFC from a different set of building blocks, despite them eventually arriving in the same place. In the case of HoTT, it reduces mathematics to homotopies and fibrations, while also making those weighty-sounding concepts seem easy. If you're interested in homotopies, fibrations, cohomology theories etc. then HoTT is a really helpful way to better understand those concepts.
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> Most foundations are in a sense equivalent. Therefore, "ZFC" is as good of an answer as any.

This doesn't follow. The sense in which they are equivalent is that they are equifinal, which doesn't mean isomorphism or even homomorphism. It's a meaningful thing in theory, but not in reality. Otherwise, Turing tarpits wouldn't be a thing.

Every foundation occupies a unique region of proof space. Your foundation, and everything that goes into it, doesn't just affect the shape of what's accessible to you in native semantics, it also effects the way you move through this space. This means by changing foundation, not only can we prove things that we otherwise couldn't in theory (in native semantics), it also means we can prove things we otherwise couldn't in practice (what embedding other foundations as object languages doesn't get you). You can recognize a little bit of this in that it makes some things seem easy, but that's an extremely trivial case of what this relationship implies.

It's all just tools in a toolbelt. Treating them like immutable, universal truths is worth tolerating merely out of human limitation, because it's a lot of work to build intuition for a foundation. If we're talking about philosophy of mathematics though? No, it would be a mistake to pretend like choice isn't meaningful. It is extremely meaningful, and there's a lot to be gained out of realizing they're actually just highly specialized tools. Something to grab when it's useful, and throw away when it's not.

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> This doesn't follow. The sense in which they are equivalent is that they are equifinal, which doesn't mean isomorphism or even homomorphism

That's what I meant. I also tried to provide one justification (out of many) for why looking at other foundations is still useful.

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Fair enough. I just wanted to elaborate, because usually that specific phrasing justifies the opposite. I did mention you partially acknowledged the meaningfulness, but I felt like the point needed to be made stronger. The politics around foundations obfuscates a lot of their utility. I'm sure you're aware the tendency for randoms in a mathematics department to roll their eyes when you pay lip service to other foundations. Usually, it's not even about a sense of pragmatics, but irrational identity-protectionism and ZFC dogmatism. Things like HoTT, or any branch of TT, are percieved as "cute, but not something with any real usecase. Not like my perfect ZFC!"
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