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Yep, although (at least in my experience) it's not enabled by default. I also learnt about VoWiFi (also called "WiFi Calling") that allows you using WiFi for calling, including when you're abroad or you don't even have phone signal.

Support for VoWiFi is a bit weird. Some operators don't allow it outside of your region (for example, the EU), some others will allow it and even bill you as if it were a local call made from your country.

Also, although it's in theory made only for working through WiFi, seems like if you have a second SIM or eSIM with a data plan (for example, a travel SIM local for the country you're on vacations) and some combination of phone and/or operators, it can use the second SIM as the data provider for WiFi Calling.

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For the major US carriers, since they shut down 3G, VoLTE is the only way calls work. Which meant that a non-VoLTE-but-4G-capable device can no longer make 911 calls.

I was using a Samsung S5 running LineageOS for a while with Google voice for calls, but the no 911 thing is one of the main reasons I finally moved to a different phone. The S5 supports VoLTE but only with stock firmware.

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Auch, wasn't familiar with that, haven't been in the US for a while. At least around here (EU) is not enabled by default on phones you buy off the shelf. I'm not sure about phones bought from the carrier.
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What part of EU doesn't have VoLTE enabled? It is definitely widely used here in Sweden, though they simply forbid phones unable to do emergency calls over WiFi (including existing phones, which forced me to buy a new one. That was very irritating).
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To explain myself better: it's readily available on the carriers, but if you just buy an off the shelf phone and put a SIM on it, it won't be enabled automatically (at least in a couple countries I tested it), and you'll need to go to your Android SIM/carrier settings menu and enable it yourself.
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Not for everyone in many places. Many carriers still only allow VoLTE for a limited alow-list of phone models. Any customers of those with less popular models still gets dropped to 3G calls.
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In the US all 2G and 3G has been shut down and VoLTE is the only way voice calls are done on 4G and Voice over New Radio on 5G
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