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I feel so seen right now. My partner complains about me closing apps on my phone consistently. I also have to hold myself back from defragging and continually cleaning up my storage drives.

I too am nearly certain that the positive benefits are approaching nil, but I still feel it should be helpful.

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> My partner complains about me closing apps on my phone consistently.

I'd be curious to know the reqson why she would care on her own phone and why it would be an issue on someone else's phone?

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At least on iPhone, it basically doesn't do anything. Apple aggressively kills all background apps automatically. the "open" apps in the switcher are almost always just screenshots of previously-open-but-now-closed apps. if it was recent, the latest app or two in the switcher might actually be open, but rarely more than that.

Despite this, many of my relatives have somehow learned this habit of opening the switcher and closing all apps when they are done with them.

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Android has always been quite vigilant and is prompt to kill off any app at the MFA login screen while I am consulting the Oracle of Authenticator in another task. Thanks Android!

That being said, I dislike having 3 dozen apps open because I simply can’t quickly find and switch to the ones I’m using. So when I enter a new situation, I swipe all the way left, and Clear All apps, to start over with a tabula rasa.

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iOS has never worked the way you are describing. It's easy to disprove your claim that the app is killed by just switching between different apps you have open. iOS keeps the apps open to make it fast to switch back to them.
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This is literally always how iOS has worked. You can refer to the application lifecycle documentation: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/managing-you...
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Well, it closes the apps somewhat arbitrarily, but they definitely arent all open. If the most recent app is a resource-intensive game or something it will more aggressively close things. but you can have more open if they are all lightweight apps.

But the switcher shows every app ever opened and tries to pretend these apps aren't being closed. Right now for instance, i just checked and as best i can tell, the last 3 were open. going back any further and i could tell the app had to reload. but i can scroll to the left back forever. the one on the furthest left i easily haven't opened for months

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I do this also - but wonder because I'll have some app open, phone gets warm. Close the app and it cools down.
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When you die, you will leave behind nice orderly contiguous files. It's thoughtful. hehe
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only HDD drives I use are in a ZFS pool which has a very usable fragmentation value from zpool.
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Except for some backups, all of my machines use solid state storage so I don't think there is a point for most people, is there?
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Sequential reads are faster for SSDs. As long as defragmentation is reducing the chance of doing a random read, it is beneficial.
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OH! TIL! Apparently

                                contiguous              fragmented
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    PCIe 4.0 NVMe Read Speed    ~5,000 – 7,000 MB/s     ~80 – 250 MB/s
    SATA 3.0 SSD Read Speed     ~500 – 550 MB/s         ~30 – 60 MB/s

Still, given SSDs have a lifespan and given few of my files are that large, I think I'm personally okay without defragmenting. Those numbers are impressive but, most of 10s of thousands of files are source code text files. Asking online what the real-world loss is from not defragmenting

> You are giving up virtually 0% to 3% of real-world performance. In daily development, media editing, and standard system use, defragmenting your SSD will yield no human-noticeable speedup.

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Is it possible to determine which sectors are physically sequential given remapping for wear-leveling?

Otherwise the claimed defragmentation here is not actually resulting in sequential data.

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You cannot directly inspect the degree of fragmentation, because it has less to do with being contiguous in the Logical Block Address (LBA) space and more to do with having been written at the same time. To properly defragment a file on a SSD, you pretty much need to sequentially re-write the whole file in one go, to a newly-allocated part of the drive's LBA space.
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>Otherwise the claimed defragmentation here is not actually resulting in sequential data.

I haven't measured it but the SSD firmware should be able to look up where the next block is speculatively in order to be able to immediately start sending it if the host tries and read the next block (as opposed to a random one).

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Prefetching applies to SSDs too, and that's generally sequential in some sense.
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