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Yep. All modern Intel and AMD architectures, save maybe some Atom variants, effectively JIT compile the incoming instructions. It's part of the reason the faster-than-static Java/JVM promises never came to fruition. The goal posts moved after the mainstream chips coopted the approach, in a sense, and they continue to move as pipelines get deeper and broader and transistor count goes up.

Transmeta was a classic failure--right idea, wrong place & time.

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Eh?

Intel and AMD were more or less 'Jitting' since the PPro and K5, and that's ignoring NexGen's Nx586 (which was shipping in hardware about a year before the PPro).

All of them are way before Transmeta shipped a CPU. Where Transmeta tried to innovate was by using VLIW rather than a RISC-like core, along with their other special tech (Which they later licensed to lots of companies, including Intel,) to provide reasonable mobile performance with a low power draw. Oh, there's also the bit where Transmeta CMS is much more software based (likely, partially to push enough to software and avoid an x86 CPU license lawsuit) but even modern Intel chips AFAIK are still doing more translation on the CPU layer.

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IBM’s microcode is really something. Not too long ago I heard about writing “millicode” as something that’s not at the microcode level, but not quite up at the ISA level.
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