Theos is a very opinionated and not necessarily wrong position, but I feel also a bit too reductive given we are eternally having to deal with compromises of some form. Also, lest we forget, it has been two decades in the interim and oh so much has changed. In any case, this originated from their code, not virtualization, so it doesn’t really apply either way…
Regarding the two decades since and the numerous exploitable x86-64 and hypervisor bugs suggests he wasn't wrong and that the tone was appropriate for the severity of the problem.
Abstraction has served us well in managing complexity before. I wouldn't abandon it out of misplaced idealism.
TDR said:
> You are absolutely deluded, if not stupid, if you think that a worldwide collection of software engineers who can't write operating systems or applications without security holes, can then turn around and suddenly write virtualization layers without security holes.
This comment wouldn't survive HN scrutiny. It's a strawman argument, and doesn't address the core point at all: does virtualization improve or degrade security, when taken as a whole?
Adam's response is great, and TDR is smart, but he's been a lightning rod for 20 years for a reason: he was doing hot takes before they were even called that, and this is a great example.
No capabilities, or even a sane and useful way of adding capabilities with everything in ring 0, and the flat integer namespacing of users and groups just doesn't work for what userspace needs to do today - hence namespaces, which have introduced their own problems, because (no surprise) trying to graft a tree structure onto a flat integer namespace after the fact is a mess.
Virtualization tried to sidestep all that, but to make it fast the cost has been more driver interfaces to host ring-0 - remember what the original was? - and screwing around a whole bunch with particularly arcane facets of the core ring-0 security boundary, e.g. page tables.
It is a mess.
Theo was right that virtualization is a comparatively shoddy security boundary. At the same time, it's flexible and capable in ways that now define the shape of modern IT.
Could we have replicated that by other means? If yes, then it's on Theo and other knee-jerk critics that they never proposed a better approach and settled for insulting people. If not, then maybe virtualization was a necessary evil. Or maybe everyone else is an irredeemable idiot, but again - if we reach that conclusion, is the world better off?
Stares at Go as about the only step in that direction...
"HN: Professionally identifying 230% of posts from 2017 as LLM generated".
That said Panagram is trash for the opposite reason. Not that some people talked like LLMs before LLMs, but now a lot of people talk like LLMs because of LLMs.
Allow me to start by saying that you are wrong about 'mainly about'. The argument starts with an insult, but insult is minimal and it moves directly into the technical details. But, note that how much you are wrong about the paragraph, because what you want to focus is the insult. You are so wrong about it you effectively invert the proportions of presence of technical data to insult..
Especially as more and more virtualization functions move into hardware, not using them as a second security barrier seems foolish.
I hope when people read this though they understand this is a communication style; they're clearly trying to strongly discourage people from thinking they are suddenly protected. Effective? Maybe at one time, where "macho dev energy" was a thing. Today, not so much. You can tell they mean well because the intro sentence is actually pretty cheeky!
.. incidentally, OpenBSD also provides one of the clearest examples of how the excuse "calling system() is fine in my case, its totally not arbitrary user input" is deluded just the same, see CVE-2020-8794.