Imagine verbally asking someone who has never seen written text the same question: unless they memorized the answer for the specific word you're asking about, they'd have to guess.
We don't know what was going on inside the closed source GPT models, but this paper investigated on some of the open-weight models and found it's not due to tokenization: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00778
As an analogy, I might ask you to identify the relative activations of each of the three cone types on your retina as I present some solid color image to your eyes. But of course you can't do this, you simply do not have cognitive access to that information. Individual color experiences are your basic vision tokens.