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Looking at physical markers Europe has been in degrowth for 20 years, less things produce, less sqm of new building, less tonnes transported by freight, the GDP is saved by maths tricks and hopium
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They started that path to economic suicide by deciding they don't want cheap gas as well as shutting down reactors. Well, depending on your geopolitical beliefs, entire situation was possibility coordinated to get Europe on American LNG and off the stuff piped from Rusland and the Middle East. This was all in play well before Orange Man, but wow did he push the gas pedal down and accelerate it (pun intended). BTW there's only one way out of it, but many Europeans aren't going to like the medicine nor the global primacy people running the USA.
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Cheap gas from the Russians? No thank you
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Then best of luck then with the Yankees, who are gonna make bank and steal what's left of your industry. Alternatives is making peace with Russia, or war with them (seems Europe enjoys this idiotic lesson once every 80 years or so).
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As an European, trust me, Trump has little to do with it.

We've been doing fine championing our nationalism instead of creating a strong internal market.

Because Hungarians decide in Hungary and Spaniards in Spain doing business across Europe is still very tough.

So to transport anything from Austria to Hungary you need to fill all the kind of paperwork and find the appropriate codes. And to sell it, even more complicated. And taxation? Don't get me started.

And it doesn't help most of our economies are all export economies, which is a broken economic model where you just keep hemorraging stuff and your people stays relatively poor.

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> And it doesn't help most of our economies are all export economies,

The worst part of all this is that becoming more export focused was pushed heavily by Germany during the euro crisis, and now its causing more problems.

Honestly, I'm coming round to the notion that Angela Merkel was literally wrong on everything she ever touched.

Mind you, German political culture consistently makes the wrong decisions (basically in hock to the ICE car industry, which has aged badly).

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> Honestly, I'm coming round to the notion that Angela Merkel was literally wrong on everything she ever touched.

In a world where the Russo-Ukrainian conflict doesn't happen she was fine.

In a world where it does, suddenly an export economy hungry for materials and energy suffers the lack of Russia.

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