For instance if your integer arithmetic needs to happen with 32 bit precision (no matter if the code runs on a 16- or 32-bit CPU), there is no scenario where using 'int' makes sense. Instead you'd use a fixed-width 32-bit integer type and accept that math operations are compiled into two instructions on a 16-bit CPU.
And OTH if you only require 16 bits integer width, there's not much point in picking a 32 bit integer type. Since two's-complement integer encoding has been standard since at least the 70s, the CPU can do narrow operations in the native register width. Any overflow/wraparound is still correct when only looking at the lowest 16-bits of the result.
Some common architectures like x86 can suffer from an issue called partial register stalls. So from a performance perspective choosing a 32 bit integer can be better.
You're confusing things. It's one thing to claim that either they never used a feature or they even have a personal preference to do things one way or another.
Another entirely different thing is to proclaim a programming language designed to target any conceivable CPU architecture somehow no longer needs to support basic cpu arch traits such as word size.
As I pointed out,there are still processors being sold today that do not support 32-bit ints. If you expect C to be able to target these architectures, obviously this feature is still a critical feature.
Also, people who maintain yesterday's systems that require non-32bit ints still need to work on them.
Chesterton's fence is still relevant. Why are we pretending that it's ok to mindlessly proclaim a feature is not requires because we don't understand why it was necessary to begin with?
word sized variable is relevant for performance, it is processed in exactly one cycle (I strongly suspect there is an asterix somewhere).
Most notable uses, where int makes sense over int32_t: array indexes, for-loop variables, enum, flags.
Before 1990, I had worked with a variety of ISAs, from IBM mainframes and DEC minicomputers to many kinds of microprocessors.
After 1990, I have used C on a great variety of x86, Motorola 68xxx, IBM/Motorola PowerPC and many generations of ARM ISAs.
Even if you use explicit 32-bit integers in a program, that will not create any correctness problem when the program is run on 16-bit microcontroller. At most such a program may have a suboptimal performance. Performance problems are much easier solved during porting than obscure bugs.
There have been some popular DSPs with 24-bit integers, e.g. Motorola 56xxx. Nonetheless, nobody would want to run on such a DSP a program that was written for another kind of CPU, even for another kind of DSP, because the performance would be pathetic. Any program for such a fixed-point DSP, even when derived from an existing program, would need to be rewritten while using at every point in the program the knowledge that the size of "int" is 24 bits (because the programs for fixed-point DSPs need copious amounts of scaling operations, to avoid overflows and underflows), so such a program should not actually use "int", but it should typedef an "int24_t", to make this assumption explicit.