Regarding the assembly language (or equivalently, the machine code), I was trying to make the point that yes, you don’t need to understand it to be able to reason about how the source code affects program behavior. (The entire point of a compiler is that you don’t need to understand machine language.) I was also trying to make the point that it isn’t about determinism vs. non-determinism. Nevertheless, there is dramatic difference in the way one can reliably reason about the precise effects of source code versus doing the same for LLM prompts.