It's a work in progress. The Reference (
https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference) is slowly getting more complete over time. Other ongoing efforts include a-mir-formality (
https://github.com/rust-lang/a-mir-formality), minirust (
https://github.com/minirust/minirust), the FLS (
https://github.com/rust-lang/fls), and Rust via Desugarings (
https://nadrieril.github.io/rust-via-desugarings/). But writing a 100% complete and correct formal spec is hard! Not even C gets this right, the C standard has holes which lead to miscompilations and UB in practice:
https://www.ralfj.de/blog/2020/12/14/provenance.html