Street Lighting. Sodium lamps used 250-500W and LEDs are 50-150W. Councils have been replacing the former with the latter ever since it was possible, as the savings were apparent after only a few years (and, the early investors could sell the old bulbs to authorities who did not have the funds to invest)

There is also a substantial saving in household appliances from all the EU laws as well that have pretty substantially cut power consumption, including a lot of computers and devices at idle.

The UK household has quite significantly cut its power due to all these power saving innovations, far in excess of the actual drop because industry has increased its percentage of the mix over time.

Power management (ACPI) in desktop computers also arrived in the late 1990s. Power saving sleep modes have a big impact.

Computer fleets across a country do not upgrade immediately so the lag may contribute.

And ACPI was just one energy saving initiative of that era.

You’re right a lot of this will be domestic lighting changing.

That said, UK manufacturing decline also correlates with this as that’s very energy intensive. Also don’t rule out fridges, old 90s fridges were very energy intensive compared to today.

> Improved efficiency is also supporting reduced use in the industrial sector – as has a general decline in GB industry and associated intensive electricity use

https://energy.drax.com/intelligence/2024-the-year-electrici...

> This is part of a larger trend. Demand has been falling by 5 TWh per year since 2005. Improving efficiency (lighting, televisions, fridges, etc.), fewer homes using electric heating, and deindustrialisation all play a part

https://reports.electricinsights.co.uk/?p=2065

In the summer. In the winter the heat from the bulbs would help heating the homes, offices, stores, etc.