In the US we switch between "(zone) standard time" to "(zone) daylight time" - Eastern Standard Time to Eastern Daylight Time.

So "permanent daylight saving time" makes sense to us since we use the term "daylight time" where Europeans tend to call it "summer time."

Still true that DST really just describes the overall time-changing process, just giving some insight into why the phrase makes sense to us.

There is likely a minority of people who are not significantly affected by a lack of morning light and therefore prefer having light in the afternoon. However, the way we set our clocks must work for society as a whole, and there is an abundance of medical research demonstrating the importance of morning light.

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So change when you get up.

Ah, the perks of living on the equator. Sun rises at 6, and sets at 6 (give or take 15-30 minutes).

I was a bit surprised when I visited a country in the northern hemisphere in the winter since it's still dark at 7.

Norway. Same.

At the peak of the shift (usually when DST comes into or out of effect) we're either losing or gaining an hour of daylight per week.

Throwing an hour shift one way or the other does nothing for us. And in peak winter the sun isn't up for me until 10 anyway, and it's down by 3, so what are we even saving?

It apparently mattered enough that Russia reverted it's decision to stay on DST.

In China it's due to the state wanting all of China to be at Beijing time, and for Beijing, it is standard time. As for Spain, Franco switching to German time, because he liked Hitler, and Spain never switched back. Besides, Spain observes DST like the rest of the EU. Argentina is however an example of a country that switched to permanent summer time and sticking with it (since 2009).