Once I got very confused when exactly this kind of 10k x speed up I demonstrated for a problem introduced to me as a business bottleneck then got ignored (I wasn’t on this team, though, but it’s still hard to understand the mentality and incentives there).
My rule of thumb is that as long as it doesn’t really complicate or convolute the code, write with performance in mind.
My expertise is in C# and sometimes this is as simple as using a hash set or dictionary instead of a plain list.
Other times it’s having a decent understanding of how EF (an ORM) actually works (the static typing benefits of them in C# makes ORMs very valuable when used appropriately) and the cost of round trips to any network host (including a DB).
To you, 2x faster means 2x the work done in the same time, but 25% faster means 1.33x the work done in the same time.
I see this a lot - in software people interpret 50% faster as a 50% reduction in time taken.
If a car is 50% faster, I hope people would universally interpret that as e.g. 20 to 30 mph. But if I asked people how long would a 1 hour journey take if it were 50% faster, I bet a lot would say 30 mins, because it kind of seems like that's what I mean.