Math is a social process that involves mental concepts, symbols for them, and discussion about them. It also needs peer review. If you see math in a paper, that's only one part of the process.

Further, in machine learning, we see lots of papers with math that doesn't lead to anything useful. Most papers claiming advances over prior architectures don't pan out in later testing. So, there will be skepticism when people make performance claims like the authors'. The best response is just independent testing.