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> A human can do the same by looking at the weights of an MLP trained on mnist

Excuse me?

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Yes. Just look at the reasoning logs that are part of the work. The reasoning is clearly about the input layer. At least for the game examples.
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> although the details seem to suggest that it's given a lot more freedom to run forward passes and do limited experiments

No tools or forward passes are allowed

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Under experiment 8 (the one where it fixes performance on GSM8K) it says:

>Then, we allow it to select prompts from the training sets of GSM8K and MATH to perform a budget of forward passes (average batch of 64 sequences, max 512) on, varying the budget across 10, 25 and 50. Again, no training or gradient information is allowed.

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