These kinds of features are not intended for use in daily application development. They're systems-language features designed for building high performance, safe, very-low-level code. It will be entirely optional for the average Swift developer to learn how to use these features, just in the same way that it's optional for someone to learn Rust.
That said, the Swift 6 / Strict Concurrency transitions truly have been rough and confusing. It's not super clear to me that much of it could have been avoided (maybe if the value of Approachable Concurrency mode had been understood to be important from the beginning?), and the benefits are real, but my gut feeling is that a lot of the "Swift is too complicated" stuff is probably just misplaced annoyance at this.
Simple example:
Objective-C
if myObject {
}
in swift if myObject != nil {
}
Also opitionals in swift could have totally be avoided if they adopted a prototype based langue (basically object are never nil). Lua did this, and it is very elegant
But meanwhile, we got a half backed optional system, which is backwards (similiar to Java), and didn't help with the practicality of the language at all, and meanwhile you still can crash an app doing myArray[1]
> you still can crash an app doing myArray[1]
extension Array {
subscript(safe: Int) -> Element? { ... }
}
[0] https://forums.swift.org/t/draft-adding-safe-indexing-to-arr...
Rust? Rust is basically a simpler Swift. The objective-c bindings are really nice too, and when you're working with obj-c you don't have have worry about lifetimes too much, because you can lean on the objective-c runtime's reference counting.
I think the way to think about it is that with Rust, it's as if all the goodness in Swift was implemented with in the "C" level, and the Objective-C but is still just library-level a runtime layer on top. Whereas Swift brings it's own runtime which greatly complicates things.
I get that there's a tradeoff. Rust requires you to be way more explicit about what you're intending upfront and that can, in the long term, lead to simpler code -- but there's no dimension (depth-wise or breadth-wise) that I'd call Rust simpler.
Swift already does have those things but unlike Rust, they are opt-in.
Not going to argue which language is simpler, but sorry, you don't seem like someone who knows Swift very well.
Swift is a nice language, and it's new support for the bare necessity of affine types is a good step forward, but it's not at all comparable with Rust.
#include <print>
#include <map>
#include <string>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
using namespace std::literals;
std::string foo = "foo:";
foo += argv[0];
std::map<std::string, int> m{
{foo, 123}
, {"count: "s + std::to_string(argc), 456}
};
std::println("{}", m);
}
* automated exclusivity with value types and value witness tables, classes as arc types (ie Arc<Mutex<T>>)
* automated interop with C/C++/Obj-C through the clang ast importer
Maybe they could have started with rust and added on what they needed, but why not build a new language at that point where things so fundamental are involved?
Source: I worked in lattners org at the time of swifts inception (on an unrelated backend) but that was the motivation. I also worked on the swift compiler for a little bit some years later on in my career.