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Gerard of Cremona

(en.wikipedia.org)

29 points

by teleforce2 days ago |
16 comments
upvoteby nestorD1 hours ago|
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For people wondering why the Islamic world would have had more texts, many of which are of western (Greek/Latin) origin, than the western world. The problem is that, as the Roman empire collapsed, papyrus supply disappeared in the west (while north Africa still had papyrus, and later early paper) forcing copyist to use-significantly more expensive and lower supply-parchment. As the texts on papyrus started to crumble to dust, monks had to decide which ones to save given the limited writing material available (so they saved a lot of Saint Augustin...).
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upvoteby jmclnx5 hours ago|
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Unfortunately few people know without the Muslim Scholars after the fall of Rome, little of the ancient texts would have survived.

But I wonder, was some meaning lost from Greek|Latin -> Arabic -> Latin ?

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upvoteby fmajid3 hours ago|
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Not just ancients' knowledge, algebra comes from a corruption of al-jabr in Musa al Khwarizmi's "al-Kitāb al-Mukhtaṣar fī Ḥisāb al-Jabr wal-Muqābalah". al-Khwarzimi himself got corrupted to algorismus, from which the word algorithm came from. Also, 2/3 of named stars have Arabic-origin names. Arabic influence on medecine and chemistry was significant, the word alcohol is also of Arabic origin, as is Chemistry via al-kimiya, alchemy. And finally, admirals are amir-al-bahr, emirs of the sea.
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upvoteby throw0101a3 hours ago|
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> Unfortunately few people know without the Muslim Scholars after the fall of Rome, little of the ancient texts would have survived.

Did not Muslim Scholars originally get the texts from Nestorian and Syriac Christians in the Middle East? Wouldn't there be a good chance of the text surviving in their monasteries?

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upvoteby Beijinger5 hours ago|
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Greek|Latin -> Arabic -> Latin

His pupil, the English scholastic Daniel of Morley, recorded one of Gerhard's methods[6] in translation: His Mozarabic assistant Ghalib (Latinized Galippus)[7] translated the text orally into medieval Castilian, Gerhard listened and wrote the text down in Latin. In the case of the Almagest, which had been translated from its original language of Ancient Greek first into Syriac, then into Arabic, and which Gerhard translated into Latin via the oral route of Castilian, this long chain of transmission introduced numerous sources of error.

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upvoteby tgv2 hours ago|
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The fall of Rome is 5th century, so it predates Islam, doesn't it?
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upvoteby riffraff5 minutes ago|
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That's the western half, but ehen the Ottomans annexed bisantium in 1400 they still considered themselves Romans, even tho they spoke Greek. The date of the fall of Rome is pretty arbitrary.

The sultan took the title of kaiser-i-rum (Caesar of Rome).

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upvoteby layer854 minutes ago|
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Rather, thanks to the scholars of the Byzantine Empire, aka the Eastern Roman Empire.
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upvoteby canjobear5 hours ago|
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> Unfortunately few people know without the Muslim Scholars after the fall of Rome, little of the ancient texts would have survived.

I was taught this many times in US schools.

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upvoteby christkv3 hours ago|
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And its a fabrication of history
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upvoteby christkv3 hours ago|
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This is not even close to true. The Byzantine Empire was the keeper of all of this western knowledge. The arabs got their texts from them and the Spanish from them and the Byzantines. The arabs did trade texts from India to Europe as well.
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upvoteby griffzhowl1 hours ago|
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Nevertheless, many of the texts from the Greeks were first translated into Latin from Arabic copies in Spain from the 11th century, because the Greek versions were inaccessible in Western Europe until Constantinople was conquered in 1453 and the scholars escaped to the west with their scrolls
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upvoteby christkv1 hours ago|
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They transmitted the text yeah but they were not the “preserver” of the roman legacy. The byzantines viewed themselves as romans.
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upvoteby 1 hours ago|
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upvoteby riffraff4 hours ago|
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I think it's pretty sure some of it was.

Just consider that the X in math is not a latin X but a Greek Χ (chi) :)

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upvoteby yorwba4 hours ago|
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Most mathematical notation wasn't invented until centuries later. At the time, they would just write calculations out in words. In particular, the use of x representing an unknown quantity was introduced by Descartes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_algebra#The_symbol_...
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upvoteby WillAdams3 hours ago|
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For folks who are curious of this, one potential example/discussion of this is Thomas Harriot's _Artis Analyticae Praxis_ (ob. discl., I did some of the typesetting of the Muriel Seltman/Robert Goulding translation)
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upvoteby wotsdat5 hours ago|
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